What Is Motherboard And How Does It Work?

What is a motherboard? You must have heard this before. Because even if people use computers or do computer courses, they know about it. It is possible that you may not have prior knowledge about this. And if you want to know about it, then I will tell you here what a motherboard is. Just as a mother, despite having many children, keeps them all connected, in the same way a motherboard keeps every part of a computer system connected, That is why it is called a motherboard. Wins are also computer parts, each has a different function, but they work only when connected to the motherboard. If it is not connected to it, then it cannot function.

A motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB) of any computer. It is also known by different names like the Baseboard, Main circuit board, etc. Just as every part needs to be connected to the motherboard, it cannot work on its own without some parts. So, we will know all such important information related to motherboards through this post and will discuss it in detail. What is a motherboard? You will also be curious to know about motherboards, their history, and how they work.

What Is a Motherboard?

Motherboard Definition

Motherboard is the main (PCB) Printed circuit board of a computer. It is the central communication and connectivity point of the computer through which all external and internal components are connected. We refer motherboard as backbone of the computer.

In other words, the motherboard is the base of the computer. Just as land is necessary to build a house, similarly, every part of a computer requires a base, which we know as the motherboard. This is a hub where all the computer parts are found. I have already told you that a computer motherboard is a PCB (printed circuit board) that connects other parts like a hard disk, CPU, RAM, graphics card, and TV card. Then it makes them function, and for this, it also provides them with proper electricity.

The motherboard is made of a very strong plastic sheet, which is an insulator, i.e., a bad conductor of electricity. In this sheet, a thin layer of copper or aluminum foil is printed, which we can see in the form of a mark. These traced marks are very narrow and form circuits for different parts. Apart from these circuits, there are many sockets and slots in a motherboard that are used to connect all the other parts.

Main Components (Parts) Of Motherboard

Computer motherboards are also made up of different parts, with which you can do small computer-related tasks yourself. So let us know how many parts it has.

Power Connectors:

It has a power connector to supply electricity to the central processing unit and other components.

CPU Socket :

You must be aware that there is a processor in the computer whose capacity determines the speed of running the computer. The CPU socket helps in installing the processor on the motherboard. You must have understood what this means. The CPU connects to the socket to connect to the motherboard. There are many pins on the socket at the bottom of the motherboard that act as connectors. It supplies electricity to the processor. Apart from this, it transfers data to other components of the computer. If you ever want to update the processor, you cannot do it in this socket. For this, you need to know about different socket types. Pentium (P1, P2, MMX), AMD K5/K6 Socket 370: Pentium 3 processor, Intel Celeron Processor Socket 7775:Intel Dual Core, P4, Xeon Processor Socket 1156: Intel i3, i5, i7 Processor Socket 3366: Intel i7 900 Processor

Input/output ports :

Normally, the input and output ports are on the back side of the computer’s chassis. Input-output ports are specifically provided to connect monitors, printers, keyboards, speakers, microphones, internet/networking cables, and many USB components.

BIOS :

The full form of BIOS is the “Basic Input Output System.”  This is also a component installed on the motherboard in the form of an integrated chip. All its information and settings are stored in the BIOS. You can change the setting by going to BIOS Mode.

CMOS Battery :

The full form of CMOS is “Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor.”. This is a battery, which is a lithium cell with a voltage of 3.0 volts.

RAM (Memory) Slots :

Any motherboard may have more than one slot for installing RAM. This slot is close to the CPU slot. In a way, RAM is the most important part of the motherboard, which we also know as random access memory. It is also called volatile memory, in a way, it is also temporary memory. These help in running the application. If a processor is fast and its RAM is of very high capacity, then the application will run very smoothly.

IDE Connector :

Integrated Drive Electronics, also known as IDE in short, is used to connect the hard disk drive to the motherboard.

SATA Connector :

The full form of SATA is Serial Advanced Technology Attachment. These are new types of connectors that have 7 7-pin interfaces. It is used to connect a SATA hard disk and an optical disk. These are faster and better than IDE connectors.

Expansion Card Slots :

Whenever you have to add a new component to the motherboard or update any part, expansion card slots are used. An expansion slot helps in connecting external cards.

Storage Device Connectors :

Although we use hard disk drives, optical drives, and floppy disk drives in computers, we also use some other external storage devices so that we can store the data and then use it later or in another computer. Can use that data. For this, we also need to connect this external storage device to the motherboard. Every motherboard has at least 2 storage device connectors available.

Co-Processor :

One of the most important components of the motherboard is the CPU. In a way, it is a helper to the main processor, which performs the tasks of mathematical calculations and computer graphics.

USB Port :

Every motherboard has a USB port through which we connect external and storage devices like pen drives, printers.

PS/2 Connector :

This port is used to connect a keyboard and mouse.

Game Port :

We use game ports to connect all types of gaming devices.

Parallel or LPT port :

The parallel port is used to connect the scanner and printer.

Sound Card Connectors :

This port is very important for connecting audio devices like speakers and microphones.

Display Connector:

With its help, we connect the computer monitor to the motherboard.

COM (communication) port:

We use this port to connect devices like mice and modems.

Function Of Computer Motherboard

Computer circuitry:

The motherboard is the main circuit board of the computer, where all the circuit boards and components important for the functioning of the computer are kept together. There are paths made in the circuit of the motherboard through which electricity flows and data is transferred from one component to another.

Components Hub :

The primary function of the motherboard is to act as a base on which computer components are installed. It is like a hub where all the parts of the computer come and connect like the Central Processing Unit (CPU), graphics card, and system memory (RAM).

Data Traffic :

The motherboard works like a communication hub. It manages the traffic of all the data and information inside the computer system with the help of the motherboard chipset. The motherboard chipset directs the data flow to the components as per the requirements.

Peripherals :

The motherboard allows every input and output device of the computer system to function. This increases the capacity of the computer to complete many tasks. These devices include printers, keyboards, game controllers, external hard drives, and audio jacks. To connect these devices to the computer, we directly plug them into the ports, sockets, and connectors of the motherboard.

BIOS :

The motherboard has in-built RAM (read-only memory), which is separate from the RAM which houses the computer’s Basic Input/Output System (BIOS). Its most important function is to manage the boot-up process of the computer. That is, when we turn on the power of our computer, the BIOS itself completes the process of starting our computer system.

History Of Motherboard In Hindi: History Of Motherboard

The motherboard installed in the computers we use today has evolved a lot. The computer motherboards used in the beginning were quite different from today’s motherboards. It has reached us after traveling a long distance and has been modified a lot. So let us know about the history of computer motherboards.

• In 1981, the IBM “Planer” breadboard was the first motherboard used in a computer system.
• In 1984, IBM came up with advanced technology, which gave birth to today’s computer system. Due to its advanced technology, it became quite popular and proved to be a standard motherboard that fits in all types of desktops.
• Gigabyte was born in 1986 and was created by Pei Cheng of Taiwan.
• In 1987, Elite Group became the world’s largest motherboard manufacturer of ECS boards.
• In 1989, a small company named Pegasus was formed by ACER’s equipment in Taiwan, which later became the world’s largest motherboard manufacturing company.
• Intel developed PAGA in 1993, whose full form is a plastic pin grid array. It contributed to integrated circuit packaging.
• The ATX form was released after AT in 1995. It was brought about by improving the shortcomings in advanced technology.
• Intel itself started manufacturing motherboards this year. Similarly, its reputation was very good, which is why it did not take much time to establish its market.
• In 1998, Micro ATX boards were made, which were half the size of ATX boards.
• ITX motherboards were made in 2001 and used to be very small.
• In 2005, Intel again extended the balance technology.
• In 2007, ASUS tek became the world’s largest computer motherboard manufacturer.
• The Mobile ITX board was created in 2009. ITX was the smallest-sized motherboard, whose size was 60*60 MM.

In Short

In today’s post, you learned what the motherboard definition is in Hindi and English. Along with this, you also learned what a motherboard is and what the parts of a motherboard are. The motherboard is one of the most important parts of the computer, and it has traveled a long way to reach us. You have also read about this journey here in the History of Motherboard in Hindi.

Friends, from what are the functions of the motherboard, you learned how it works. If you liked this information, then share this post on as many social media sites as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp.