The full form of the CPU is the Central Processing Unit. It is also called the brain of the computer. Because it contains a processor that controls other devices connected to the computer.
If you know about computers, then you must also know what a CPU is. In this post, we will also tell you what the types of CPUs are and how they work.
Why is it called the brain of the computer?
People are often in dilemmas regarding these questions.
Do you know that when we work on the computer, it completes our work? Through this post, we will get complete information about CPUs.
After all, what other systems are there inside the CPU that give it the ability to control all the devices connected to the computer?
If you want to know all this then read this article completely.
What are you waiting for, Let us know what is CPU is.
CPU Information
The full name of the CPU is the Central Processing Unit. The central processing unit is the primary unit of the computer and processes all the instructions.
It keeps running the operating system and applications continuously.
Along with this, it receives the input made by the user and runs all other software based on it.
It processes the input data and gives us the output.
What Is The Full Form Of CPU?
The full form of the CPU is the Central Processing Unit.
Definition Of CPU In Hindi
The Central Processing Unit is a unit that completes all the work done inside the computer.
It controls the movement of instructions from one part of the computer to another.
Its entire work depends on a chipset, which is a group of small chips located in the motherboard.
Definition Of CPU In English
A Central Processing Unit is a unit that performs the maximum number of processes inside a computer. This controls the flow of instructions from one part to another part of a computer system. A CPU works on a chipset, and it heavily depends on it, which is a group of microchips located on the motherboard.
The central processing unit is also known by other names. Like processors, microprocessors, and central processors.
The CPU is the base, and in a way, it makes a computer a computer.
But it is also true that a CPU alone cannot be a computer. It is a brain that completes every operation.
This is a small computer chip that is located in the motherboard, i.e. the main circuit board of the computer, whether the system is a desktop, personal computer, laptop, or tablet.
This memory is completely different from the data it stores and the graphics card that renders the video.
Its chip is made up of many small transistors.
It is with the help of these transistors that the computer program runs and completes the calculation work.
To further develop CPU technology, transistors are being made in smaller and smaller sizes. So that the speed can be greatly increased by using more transistors.
As time passes, its technology is also developing, and its ability to work faster is also increasing day by day.
The name of the scientist who developed this rule is Gordon Moore. This law of continuous increase of transistors is also called Moore’s law.
Main Function Of CPU: CPU Function In Hindi
Those who want to know about computers need to have complete knowledge of CPU.
If we say that we know everything about computers and do not know what a CPU is, then it is wrong.
How does the Central Processing Unit, the part that acts as the brain of the computer, work?
This solves our problem by completing every calculation within seconds at such a high speed.
This is not a miracle, but it is science, The work that we spend hours doing with a copy and pen is solved just by pressing the enter button.
Even though today’s CPUs have developed a lot, the way they work has the same basic functions that the old ones used to perform.
Its basic functions are fetch, decode, and execute. Let us get detailed information about them.
Fetch
Fetch means “to bring.”. In this step, instructions are received from program memory.
Instruction means numbers or a series of numbers. There are many instructions, but how do you know which instruction is in which location?
So for this, there is a program counter (PC), which determines the address (location) of the instruction in the program memory.
The program counter stores the address of the instruction as a number.
When an instruction is fetched, i.e., received, the length of the program counter is increased according to the length of the instruction so that it holds the address of the next instruction.
Decode – Interpret
The instructions that are fetched from memory tell us what work the CPU has to do.
Decode means decoder of instruction.
In this step, the instruction is passed to a circuit also called the instruction decoder, which converts the instruction into signals from which other parts of the CPU are controlled.
Execute: Taking Action
After getting the instruction and converting it into a signal, the third step is to execute. According to the design of the CPU, there can be one action or many actions in execution.
The CPU sends the decoded instruction to the relevant parts so that those parts can do their work based on the instruction.
In this way, an action or series of actions is completed.
After that, the results are written in the internal CPU register. This creates a reference for subsequent instructions.
Writeback
After the execution process is completed, writeback stores the result in some form of memory.
In a particular instruction set, they are written in the CPU register so that they can be accessed immediately.
In simple terms, these are known as jumps, and their behavior is in a loop.
What Are The Parts Of the CPU?
The central processing unit is made up of many components, and all of them have different functions.
You also want to know about what these components are and how they work.
Let us know this in detail.
There are mainly 3 components of the CPU.
- Storage Unit or Memory Unit
- Control Unit
- ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit)
Storage Or Memory Unit
The memory unit stores the data, instructions, and results of the system.
It also supplies information to other units of the computer as needed.
It is also known by other names like main memory, primary memory, internal storage unit, and Random Access Memory.
The size of the storage or memory unit depends on its speed, capacity, and power.
There are two types of memory units. Which we also know as primary memory and secondary memory.
These are the main functions of the memory unit.
- Storage or memory units store all the instructions and data for processing as per requirements.
- It also stores the results received during processing.
- It stores the final results of processing even before sending it to the output device.
- All input and output devices are transmitted from main memory.
Control Unit
As its name suggests, the job of this unit is to control.
The control unit controls the operation of all the parts of the computer. This unit does not do the work of data processing.
These are the main functions of the control unit.
- The control unit is responsible for controlling the transfer of instructions and data to other units of the computer.
- The Control Unit also works to manage and coordinate all the units of the computer.
- It receives instructions from memory, then interprets them and gives direction to the operation of the computer.
- The memory unit transfers data and results by communicating with input and output devices.
- The control unit neither works to process the data nor stores the data.
ALU Arithmetic And Logic Unit
ALU is mainly made up of two parts.
- Arithmetic Section
- Logical Section
Arithmetic Section
The work of the Arithmetic section is to solve problems related to arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Even the most difficult problems can be solved with the help of these operations.
Logic Section
The work of the logic section is to complete the logical operation. Like comparing (comparing), selecting (choosing), matching (matching), and merging (mixing).
Types Of CPU
The CPU is an important part of the computer, which we also know as the Central Processing Unit.
It handles the data, instructions, and calculations transferred from one component of the computer to another.
The speed at which a computer works depends on the capacity of the CPU and how powerful it is.
That is why you have to decide what work you want to do and which CPU should be chosen accordingly.
The world’s two largest CPU manufacturing companies are Intel and AMD. They produce different CPUs as per their requirements.
Single-core CPU
A single-core CPU is the oldest type of computer CPU, and initially, only this type of CPU was available and was used in computers.
This single core could start only one operation at a time. That is why they are not considered good for multitasking.
This means that when one operation is already started and another operation is started, its performance capability reduces a lot and becomes very slow.
In this, only one operation could be started at a time, the second operation would be started a little before the completion of the first one.
With every new operation, the computer worked more slowly because its speed kept decreasing.
Clock speed was used to measure the power of a computer’s CPU. And its capacity depended on the clock speed.
Dual Core CPU
A dual-core CPU is a single-core CPU, but it has 2 cores, so it works equally well as 2 CPUs alone.
It is different from a core CPU in many ways. In single-core, another operation could run only after the completion of one operation, but in this case, more than one operation is run simultaneously at a time.
That is why this CPU is also called multi-tasking.
To utilize the full potential of Dual Core, it is necessary to have a special code written in both the operating system and the program, which is also called SMT (simultaneous multi-threading technology).
Dual-core CPUs work faster than single-core CPUs, but quad-core CPUs work even faster.
Quad Core CPU
A core CPU can also be called a multi-core CPU, which is made up of 4 cores in a single-core CPU.
Just as a Core divides the workload into 2 cores, similarly Quad Core divides it into 4 cores.
In this way, it serves as better multitasking. But this does not mean that if you run just one application, it will run 4 times faster.
Unless SMT code is used, the speed of the program will not be realized. This type of CPU proves to be very useful when there is a need to run many programs simultaneously.
Like video editing, designing, games, etc.
What Is the Importance of CPU?
The Central Processing Unit is also called the brain of the computer.
It completes the arithmetic and logic calculations of the computer. Every task is completed through this. The existence of a computer is not possible without a CPU.
Friends, if we talk about computer systems, then when someone goes to the market to buy a desktop system, he pays most attention to the capacity of the CPU and what its configuration is.
The processor, RAM, and memory all come inside it. If someone goes and picks up the computer without any reason, he will come to know about it later, when he will not be able to do many things.
He buys a CPU with the capacity as per his requirements.
If you do video editing work or work in designing software, then you will have to get the system as per the design, otherwise, you will not be able to do your work in the Central Processing Unit with slow performance.
You have already seen how the central processing unit receives the instruction decodes it into a signal and then sends it to different components to complete the tasks related to it.
For high-performance work, the Central Processing Unit needs to have high capacity.
Advantages Of CPU
Although computers are very useful for us, if we talk about what benefits we get from CPU, then it is also important to know this.
Because without its knowledge you cannot identify the computer according to your work.
So let us know about some such important advantages of the Central Processing Unit.
Dynamic Circuit
Nowadays, modern computer processors are mainly dynamic circuits. It contains millions of small switches, which we call transistors.
When a user inputs data while working in an application, other parts of the processor control the configuration of these switches.
Small switches together form a dynamic circuit, which is very complex. Through this, the computer completes its function.
Calculate Fast
The first advantage of computer processors is that they complete mathematical calculations at a very fast speed.
This is the reason why computers are far ahead of humans in doing some tasks like mathematical modeling.
The working capacity of a computer is based on this fast calculation, whether it is playing a game or doing design work.
Controlling Basic Computer Functions
The processor has great importance for any computer. Other parts of the computer are located around it. Without this, every part of the computer would remain just a structure.
Every input-output device connected to the computer works through this so that the inputted data goes to the processor, and after being processed, it is shown as output.
The computer starts its work where the processor is.
In Short
In today’s post, you learned many facts related to the Central Processing Unit.
How did you like this post? What is a CPU, and how does it work?
Here you also learned why the CPU is so important for the computer and what its advantages are.
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